Imports
import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_1_Standard_And_Slack_Forms import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_1_Standard_And_Slack_Forms.Definitions import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_1_Standard_And_Slack_Forms.SlackVariables import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_1_Standard_And_Slack_Forms.Equivalence import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_2_Formulating_Problems_As_Linear_Programs import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_2_Formulating_Problems_As_Linear_Programs.NetworkFlow import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_2_Formulating_Problems_As_Linear_Programs.ShortestPath import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_2_Formulating_Problems_As_Linear_Programs.MaximumFlow import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_2_Formulating_Problems_As_Linear_Programs.MinimumCostFlow import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_2_Formulating_Problems_As_Linear_Programs.MulticommodityFlow import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Dictionary import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Dictionary.Definitions import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Dictionary.Semantics import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Dictionary.BasicSolution import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Dictionary.InitialDictionary import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot.Definitions import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot.Algebra import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot.SumLemmas import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot.SemanticEquivalence import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot.Feasibility import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Pivot.Objective import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.VariableOrder import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Entering import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Leaving import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Step import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Optimality import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Unboundedness import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Equivalence import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Run import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Bland import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Bland.Pivot import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Bland.Reachability import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Bland.Trace import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Bland.Coefficients import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Bland.NoCycle import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_3_The_Simplex_Algorithm.Simplex.Termination import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.Definitions import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.WeakDuality import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.Optimality import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.ComplementarySlackness import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.TerminalCertificate import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.DictionaryBridge import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.StrongDuality import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_4_Duality.ComplementarySlacknessTheorem import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.ArtificialLP import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.InitialPivot import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.PhaseOne import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.LockVariable import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.RestoreObjective import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.PhaseTwoStart import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.PhaseTwoBridge import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.InitializedSimplex import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.DualProjection import CLRSLean.Chapter_29.Section_29_5_The_Initial_Basic_Feasible_Solution.GeneralStrongDuality

Chapter 29 - Linear Programming

This legacy third-edition Chapter 29 develops linear-programming representations, SIMPLEX, and duality. Its represented third-edition main-text stack covers all five legacy sections and connects the textbook formulations to a terminating, initialized SIMPLEX procedure and the duality theorems.

Represented sections

  • 29.1 Standard and slack forms: standard-form definitions and the slack-variable feasibility bridge.

  • 29.2 Formulating problems as linear programs: shortest path, maximum flow, minimum-cost flow, and multicommodity flow.

  • 29.3 The simplex algorithm: fixed-slot dictionaries with variable-label exchange, basic solutions, the initial dictionary, the PIVOT formulas, semantic equivalence, Bland entering/leaving selection, optimal and unbounded exits, the textbook anti-cycling proof, and finite termination.

  • 29.4 Duality: weak and strong duality, terminal dual certificates, the duality-gap identity, and complementary slackness.

  • 29.5 Initial basic feasible solution: the auxiliary LP, phase-I pivot and feasibility criterion, objective restoration, phase II, and the certified three-way initialized solver.

Legacy third-edition completion boundary

The legacy third-edition main text is complete at the finite real-matrix and pure functional algorithm layer. Low-level mutable tableau storage, floating-point numerical analysis, RAM constants, exercises, and chapter-end problems are optional refinements and do not reopen this legacy proof boundary.

The canonical fourth-edition ledger remains partial until the main-text/online declaration ownership is separated and the fourth-edition normalization and formulation bridges named in docs/clrs-fourth-edition-map.csv are proved.

namespace CLRSnamespace Chapter29end Chapter29end CLRS